Bible Study on First Corinthians
Thursday, July 5, 2007 at 01:53PM
J. Mark Jordan

A verse-by-verse study of the sixteen chapters of First Corinthians

The City of Corinth

Nelson’s Bible Dictionary describes the ancient city of Corinth in great detail. It was seafarers’ town known for international trade and commerce, but it was also a hotbed of prostitution, gambling and amusements. As one might expect, these types of activities attracted people with sordid reputations and lifestyles. Paul addressed many of their sins in his epistle. The astounding fact is that a strong church was founded and flourished in a city that was arguably one of the most sinful urban centers of ancient times.

Chapter One

Salutation - Chapter 1:1-9

Paul’s Apostleship. Vs. 1.
“Paul, called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God, and Sosthenes our brother,”

The Audience vs 2-3

“Unto the church of God which is at Corinth, to them that are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints, with all that in every place call upon the name of Jesus Christ our Lord, both theirs and ours: Grace be unto you, and peace, from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ. “

Church of God at Corinth

Spiritual description.

Attitude of the epistle 4-9

“I thank my God always on your behalf, for the grace of God which is given you by Jesus Christ; That in every thing ye are enriched by him, in all utterance, and in all knowledge; Even as the testimony of Christ was confirmed in you: So that ye come behind in no gift; waiting for the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ: Who shall also confirm you unto the end, that ye may be blameless in the day of our Lord Jesus Christ. God is faithful, by whom ye were called unto the fellowship of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord.”

Appeal to Christian unity. vs. 10-12

“Now I beseech you, brethren, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye all speak the same thing, and that there be no divisions among you; but that ye be perfectly joined together in the same mind and in the same judgment. For it hath been declared unto me of you, my brethren, by them which are of the house of Chloe, that there are contentions among you. Now this I say, that every one of you saith, I am of Paul; and I of Apollos; and I of Cephas; and I of Christ.”

Illustration of Christ.

The Gospel

Requirements of Jews and Greeks

“But unto them which are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God. Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men; and the weakness of God is stronger than men. For ye see your calling, brethren, how that not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called: But God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things which are mighty; And base things of the world, and things which are despised, hath God chosen, yea, and things which are not, to bring to nought things that are: That no flesh should glory in his presence. But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption: That, according as it is written, He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord.”

Chapter Two

Addressing the Problem

Practical Teaching

Hidden Wisdom

More Practical Teaching

Avoid theological debates with those who have only human wisdom. Recognize that there will be issues that you will not grasp with the human mind. They can be understood in the Spirit alone.

Spiritual Wisdom

The Spiritual Man

“That in every thing ye are enriched by him, in all utterance, and in all knowledge; Even as the testimony of Christ was confirmed in you: So that ye come behind in no gift; waiting for the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ” 1 Cor 1:5-7

The Spiritual Man (cont’d)

We speak in words that the Holy Ghost teaches (Vs 13)
What are the words of the world?

What Are the Words of the Holy Ghost?

The Spiritual Man (cont’d)

Essentiality of the Spirit

The Natural Man

Spiritual Insight, Spiritual judgment (Vs 15)

In I Corinthians 2, Paul uses anakrinetai which means to examine, call to account, to discern.
“The spiritual man is able to consider and appraise all things because he is not only inspired to understand what he sees, he is also furnished with a moral standard by which all things may be measured.” (Barrett)

Christ: The Only Judge

Chapter Three

Carnal Christians

And I, brethren, could not speak unto you as unto spiritual, but as unto carnal, even as unto babes in Christ. I have fed you with milk, and not with meat: for hitherto ye were not able to bear it, neither yet now are ye able. For ye are yet carnal: for whereas there is among you envying, and strife, and divisions, are ye not carnal, and walk as men? For while one saith, I am of Paul; and another, I am of Apollos; are ye not carnal?
Who then is Paul, and who is Apollos, but ministers by whom ye believed, even as the Lord gave to every man?

What is carnality?

Contrast: Spiritual/Carnal

The apostle Paul contrasts “spiritual people”—that is, those who are under the control of the Holy Spirit—with those who are “carnal”—those under the control of the flesh (1 Cor. 3:1-4; Rom. 8:5-7). The word carnal is usually reserved in the New Testament to describe worldly Christians. (from Nelson’s Illustrated Bible Dictionary) (Copyright © 1986, Thomas Nelson Publishers)

The Secret of Growth

I have planted, Apollos watered; but God gave the increase. So then neither is he that planteth any thing, neither he that watereth; but God that giveth the increase. Now he that planteth and he that watereth are one: and every man shall receive his own reward according to his own labour. For we are labourers together with God: ye are God’s husbandry, ye are God’s building.

Division of Spiritual Labor

No one person is totally responsible for the success of the church.

Every person and every job is important to the work of God.

Chapter Four

Stewardship Requirements

Faithfulness

Characteristics Of Faithfulness

Stewardship Revelations

1 Cor 4:5 Therefore judge nothing before the appointed time; wait till the Lord comes. He will bring to light what is hidden in darkness and will expose the motives of men’s hearts. At that time each will receive his praise from God.

Stewardship Reason

1 Cor 4:8-10 Now ye are full, now ye are rich, ye have reigned as kings without us: and I would to God ye did reign, that we also might reign with you. For I think that God hath set forth us the apostles last, as it were appointed to death: for we are made a spectacle unto the world, and to angels, and to men. We are fools for Christ’s sake, but ye are wise …

Paul said, in effect, “I wish you were as smart as you think you are!”

Attitudes That Destroy

A Steward Talks To Stewards

Verses 14-21.

Chapter Five

Immorality in the church

5:1 It is reported commonly that there is fornication among you, and such fornication as is not so much as named among the Gentiles, that one should have his father’s wife.

The evils of fornication

No justification for fornication

Response to condemnation

5:2 And ye are puffed up, and have not rather mourned, that he that hath done this deed might be taken away from among you.

Apostolic authority

5:3-4 For I verily, as absent in body, but present in spirit, have judged already, as though I were present, concerning him that hath so done this deed, In the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, when ye are gathered together, and my spirit, with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ,

5:5 To deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.

The purity of the church

5:6-7 Your glorying is not good. Know ye not that a little leaven leaveneth the whole lump? Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our passover is sacrificed for us:

The lesson of the leaven

Bread of sincerity

5:8 Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.

Separate from corrupt persons

5:9-11 I wrote unto you in an epistle not to company with fornicators: Yet not altogether with the fornicators of this world…for then must ye needs go out of the world. But now I have written unto you not to keep company, if any man that is called a brother be a fornicator…

The duty of the church

5:12-13 For what have I to do to judge them also that are without? do not ye judge them that are within? But them that are without God judgeth. Therefore put away from among yourselves that wicked person.

Condoning sin eventually destroys the church. Don’t let it happen.

Chapter Six

I. Resolving Conflicts Between Christians

The absurdity of going to judgment before the unjust.

The propriety of settling differences before other saints.

The honorable attitude to possess in conflict.

The Christ Method of resolving conflicts between brethren.

Practical pointers in doing business with other believers.

Appreciating the Transformation of Christians

The Kingdom of God

Certain people are disqualified from inheriting the Kingdom of God .

You used to be the same kind of people, but you were transformed

The Question of Expediency

All things are lawful unto me, but all things are not expedient: all things are lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of any. Meats for the belly, and the belly for meats: but God shall destroy both it and them.

Expedient: ex·pe·di·ent (îk-spê¹dê-ent) adjective

Appropriate to a purpose.

a. Serving to promote one’s interest: was merciful only when mercy was expedient. b. Based on or marked by a concern for self-interest rather than principle; self-interested.

Obsolete. Speedy; expeditious. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition is licensed from Houghton Mifflin Company. Copyright © 1992 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Many questions are not to be framed in the right/wrong context, but whether they are expedient or inexpedient.

The Sanctity of the Body

Chapter Seven

The Jewish Religious Practice

Stay In Your Calling

Let every man abide in the same calling wherein he was called. Art thou called being a servant? care not for it: but if thou mayest be made free, use it rather. For he that is called in the Lord, being a servant, is the Lord’s freeman: likewise also he that is called, being free, is Christ’s servant. Ye are bought with a price; be not ye the servants of men. Brethren, let every man, wherein he is called, therein abide with God.

The laws of Paul’s day would have made leaving one’s position as a servant a crime. We have freedom of choice today. The spiritual lesson, however, is still important.

Marriage is Sanctified

Now concerning virgins I have no commandment of the Lord: yet I give my judgment, as one that hath obtained mercy of the Lord to be faithful. I suppose therefore that this is good for the present distress, I say, that it is good for a man so to be. Art thou bound unto a wife? seek not to be loosed. Art thou loosed from a wife? seek not a wife. But and if thou marry, thou hast not sinned; and if a virgin marry, she hath not sinned. Nevertheless such shall have trouble in the flesh: but I spare you.

Propriety of Marriage

The Demands of the Married Life

But this I say, brethren, the time is short: it remaineth, that both they that have wives be as though they had none; And they that weep, as though they wept not; and they that rejoice, as though they rejoiced not; and they that buy, as though they possessed not; And they that use this world, as not abusing it: for the fashion of this world passeth away. But I would have you without carefulness. He that is unmarried careth for the things that belong to the Lord, how he may please the Lord: But he that is married careth for the things that are of the world, how he may please his wife. There is difference also between a wife and a virgin. The unmarried woman careth for the things of the Lord, that she may be holy both in body and in spirit: but she that is married careth for the things of the world, how she may please her husband. And this I speak for your own profit; not that I may cast a snare upon you, but for that which is comely, and that ye may attend upon the Lord without distraction.

Duties Toward Unmarried Daughters

Obligations Of Marriage

The wife is bound by the law as long as her husband liveth; but if her husband be dead, she is at liberty to be married to whom she will; only in the Lord. But she is happier if she so abide, after my judgment: and I think also that I have the Spirit of God.

Til death us do part

Chapter Eight

The Knowledge Of One True God

Now as touching things offered unto idols, we know that we all have knowledge. Knowledge puffeth up, but charity edifieth. And if any man think that he knoweth any thing, he knoweth nothing yet as he ought to know. But if any man love God, the same is known of him. As concerning therefore the eating of those things that are offered in sacrifice unto idols, we know that an idol is nothing in the world, and that there is none other God but one. For though there be that are called gods, whether in heaven or in earth, (as there be gods many, and lords many,) But to us there is but one God, the Father, of whom are all things, and we in him; and one Lord Jesus Christ, by whom are all things, and we by him.

Knowledge should never lift us up with pride.

There is one God manifested in the Lord Jesus Christ.

Paul makes this point for two reasons:

The Knowledge That Grants Liberty

The Liberty That Must Not Be Abused

Chapter Nine

Challenges to Paul’s Apostleship

Am I not an apostle? am I not free? have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? are not ye my work in the Lord? If I be not an apostle unto others, yet doubtless I am to you: for the seal of mine apostleship are ye in the Lord. Mine answer to them that do examine me is this, Have we not power to eat and to drink? Have we not power to lead about a sister, a wife, as well as other apostles, and as the brethren of the Lord, and Cephas? Or I only and Barnabas, have not we power to forbear working?

Paul’s Refutation and Defense

Evidently, powerful anti-Paul forces in the Corinthian church were attempting to discredit his apostolic authority. By claiming that he was not responsible for evangelizing Corinth , they were trying to define his role as subordinate to the congregation. Paul refuted their charges in the following way:

The Care of the Ministry

Who goeth a warfare any time at his own charges? who planteth a vineyard, and eateth not of the fruit thereof? or who feedeth a flock, and eateth not of the milk of the flock? Say I these things as a man? or saith not the law the same also? For it is written in the law of Moses, Thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn. Doth God take care for oxen? Or saith he it altogether for our sakes? For our sakes, no doubt, this is written: that he that ploweth should plow in hope; and that he that thresheth in hope should be partaker of his hope. If we have sown unto you spiritual things, is it a great thing if we shall reap your carnal things? If others be partakers of this power over you, are not we rather? Nevertheless we have not used this power; but suffer all things, lest we should hinder the gospel of Christ. Do ye not know that they which minister about holy things live of the things of the temple? and they which wait at the altar are partakers with the altar? Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the gospel should live of the gospel.

While the integrity of the ministry has suffered in the last few years, the scriptures are clear that the church ought to support the ministry. Responsibilities to do right lie on both sides of the issue. (I Peter 5:1-3)

The Pure Motives of Paul

But I have used none of these things: neither have I written these things, that it should be so done unto me: for it were better for me to die, than that any man should make my glorying void. For though I preach the gospel, I have nothing to glory of: for necessity is laid upon me; yea, woe is unto me, if I preach not the gospel! For if I do this thing willingly, I have a reward: but if against my will, a dispensation of the gospel is committed unto me. What is my reward then? Verily that, when I preach the gospel, I may make the gospel of Christ without charge, that I abuse not my power in the gospel.

Paul recognized the tremendous power resident in his apostleship. This power is not “carte blanche.” It should not be used recklessly or to get personal gain. That is why he took time to establish two things:

Soulwinning, the Number One Priority

For though I be free from all men, yet have I made myself servant unto all, that I might gain the more. And unto the Jews I became as a Jew, that I might gain the Jews; to them that are under the law, as under the law, that I might gain them that are under the law; To them that are without law, as without law, (being not without law to God, but under the law to Christ,) that I might gain them that are without law. To the weak became I as weak, that I might gain the weak: I am made all things to all men, that I might by all means save some. And this I do for the gospel’s sake, that I might be partaker thereof with you.

Even the Call of God Requires Excellence

Chapter Ten

The Common Faith

The Consequences of Sin

The Defenses Against Sin

The Purpose of the Communion Service

Chapter Eleven

God’s Order For the Home

The question of authority.

The Covering For the Head

Every man praying or prophesying, having his head covered, dishonoureth his head. But every woman that prayeth or prophesieth with her head uncovered dishonoureth her head: for that is even all one as if she were shaven. For if the woman be not covered, let her also be shorn: but if it be a shame for a woman to be shorn or shaven, let her be covered. For a man indeed ought not to cover his head, forasmuch as he is the image and glory of God: but the woman is the glory of the man.

Facts we can glean from the scriptures:

The Spiritual Basis For Uncut Hair

The Grammatical Basis for the Hair Question (I Corinthians 11:1-16)

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